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LEARNING ENGLISH3

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Come
 
Come near
Draw close to; pull a person or thing closer to; bring or come nearer together.
Acercarse; aproximarse; arrimarse; unirse; agregarse; juntarse.
 
A.     The start of the baseball season is coming near.
B.     My graduation day is coming near; I am really looking forward to seeing my parents at the ceremony.
C.     Sally and I reluctantly came near the house where the Yorkshire Ripper once lived.
 
Come about
      
Occur; happen; appear; arise; pass; transpire
 
Acaecer; conseguir; efectuar; ocurrir; pasar.
 
A.     My idea for the book came about when I saw the need for an English phrasal verb in Spanish.
B.     The England goal came about when David’s long pass found Emile in acres of space to head and lay the ball on to the path of young Wayne who duly put the ball in the back of the net.
             
Come across/ as        
Discover by accident; find by chance; meet someone unexpectedly; give an impression of being.
Encontrar; tropezar con; dar con.           
A.     My friend and I, while on holiday in Figueras, Spain, came across a couple of rare pictures of birds of Indo-European extraction painted by an anonymous painter in the 16th Century at an outdoor market in the centre of the city and decided to buy them.
B.     Professor Mark Percy Richardson, from Riverside University, Upper Norwood, came across a lost spacecraft while exploring the Orinoco River in Venezuela.
C.     She came across as a supporter of conservative values. She talked about Margaret Thatcher’s Government at length and qualified the Conservative Party as the people’s party.
           
Come after
In pursuit of; run after someone or something; try to obtain something.
Seguir; venir despues; venir atras.
A. If you don't  pay me what you owe me I will come after you.
B. They would come after you if you try to double-cross them.  
Come again
Once more; anew; afresh; say or do again; repeat.
Volver; venir otra vez; repetir.
A. Come again I didn't hear what you said.
B. Thank you ever so much for visiting us today, please come again.
Come apart
In pieces; kaput; ruined or broken; disunited; separated; divided.
Desunirse; deshacerse; separarse; en pedazos; en trizas.
A. The race was lost in the second part of the competition when John's car came apart and he was forced to abandoned the race.
B. The right wing of the small aircraft came apart at takeoff.  
Come at
Determine; get at; gain access to; reach; arrived at; achieve; succeed; attain, strike or assault someone; charge; attack; incursion.
Alcanzar; conseguir; lograr; llegar; atacar; agredir; asaltar; arrollar; irrumpir.
A. Was he pushed or did he jumped? It is in the public interest to come at the true facts of the case before we start to speculate.
B. It is very hard to come at the true when there is no enough evidence.  
Come away/from
To go away; retreat; leave; depart.
Irse; retirarse; marcharse; quitar.
A. Come away from train young girl, it is due to depart now. 
B. Come away from the fire or you would burn.
C. Come away from the stock market or you will burn your fingers.
 
Come along/with   
Accompany someone; progress     
 
A.     Sara, you are very welcome if you wish to come along.
B.     James is such a gentleman! He was on his way to the pub and asked us if we wanted to come along.
C.     The new house I am building is coming along wonderfully.
D.     How is Sally coming along with her new job?      
  
Come back
Return to a former destination, position; go back; send back.
Volver; retroceder; retornar; regresar.
A.     I ‘m going to Scotland on Tuesday but I am coming back on Friday so you will have to do without me for three days. Isn’t it just wonderful?
B.     Paul has gone to the pub for a drink but he said that he would come back to collect his bag late this afternoon.
 
Come before
Arrive at an earlier time; ahead of; prior to; earlier than; sooner than; previous to; previously; in front of.
Anteponerse; llegar antes; aventajarse; anteriormente.
A. Come before 9 o'clock tonight and we'll go out for a drin.
B. June comes before July.
Come between
Intervene; happen so as to stop something; try to end a dispute between two people or groups.
Interponerse; intervenir.    
A. Mother came between my brother and I whenever there was an argument to be settled.
B. The police came between the two set of protesters and end the dispute.       
Come by        
Find; obtain; attain; get, receive; visit a person at their house.
Venir por; pasar punto a; obtener; encontrar; lograr.
A.     Excuse me sir, how did you come by that new boat?
B.     I bought it from a merchantman in Devon; he said that he would come by later tonight to collect the dough.            
                                
Come down /on/with           
Plunge; dive; collapse; fall; dip; decrease; drop; reprimand someone; find fault with; punish someone for wrongdoing; reduction; become sick with.
Descender; bajar; reducir; decrecer; menguar; empobrecer; rebajar; depreciar; enfermarse; quebrantarse.
A.     David went out late last night to an all night drinking bar and it seems that he picked some sort of virus since he has come down with the flu. The poor chap had been asked by his new boss not to turn up for work until the virus has cleared.
B.     I don’t feel on top the world today; I am coming down with something.
C.     Chancellor Brown plans to come down on tax circumvention.
D.     Cherie please come down to have your dinner; it is on the table.
  
Come for
Seeking someone or something; looking and trying to find or obtain something.
Venir a buscar.
A.     I’m coming for the money you borrowed from me; it is high time you had paid what you owe me.
B.     I came for a fearful talking to when I asked Sally for the whereabouts of my dinner late last night.
 
To come forth
Forwards; out; away; towards the front; come into notice.
Adelantarse; salir; brotar.
A. Mary came forth at the witness box when she was asked to do so.
B. Shubs are coming forth before the expected time.
 
To come forward
Towards the front; striking; noteworthy; clearly visible; be evidence of; to answer a call.
Avanzar; adelantar; llegar primero; medrar.
A.     Tim came forward to answer a call for Britain in what was the most important Davis Cup win of his career.
B.     Paula came forward to lead the field at the start of yesterday’s Tour of London. She was in unbeatable form as she stormed home to an easy victory.
 
To come home
Returning to one’s home or country.
 
Volver a casa o al pais de origen.
A.     Sara came home with gold in the bag from last week’s World Athlete Games in Paris.
B.     Sally has come home after three-and-a-half years in Spain.
 
To come in
To enter; go in; invade; march into.
Entrar; llegar; invadir; acometer; adelante; pasar.
A.     Jeffrey was not asked to come in at the House of the Greek God’s Tavern and he was left kicking his heels outside for almost an hour before he was allowed in.
B.     Moustaches first came in fashion in the 70’s and they are making a comeback. 
 
To come in for
To expose oneself to danger or to the unknown; liable to be physically or emotionally hurt; at risk.
Exponerse a; estar sometido a.
A.     Andrew came in for a roasting from his employers when he admitted having sexed up his reports. He is extremely sorry now but he criticised the media for the way in which the affair was dealt with.
B.     The Gunners came in for criticism by the European press when they suffered a humiliating defeat at the hands of Inter Milan at Highbury last night. Arsene’s team has gone a year without a home victory in the Champions League and they need to improve their level of performance if they wish to be in the second round of the competition.
 
Come into
Become heir to; inherit; be left; acquire; hand down; be bequeathed.
Adquirir; heredar; recibir.
A.     Tony came into a fortune when he was named sole heir of his grandfather’s business empire.
B.     Maria came into money when she married Lord Banana of Belize.
 
Come into the world
Act of being born.
Venir al mundo; nacer.
A.     Sara Elena came into the world at 2.05pm on October 15, 1995. I can vividly remember that warm and sunny afternoon when she was born. She was the most beautiful baby I had seen. She is my little princess and the apple of my eye.
B.     Jesus came into the world to show mankind the way to the kingdom of Heaven.
To come next /to
To draw close to; getting closer; bring nearer together; in close proximity to; near; Immediately following; result; next in time, line; succeed; come next in order after something; take over a position from someone.
Venir despues; seguir; acercarse a; aproximarse a ; arrimarse a; avecinarse a; agregarse a.
A.     Roman and Claudio come next to Alex and United in the race for the Crown of England. The competition is at boiling point and it is very difficult to predict the outcome of the fight for the championship.
B.     David comes next to Diane in the list of most idolised people in England.
 
To come of
Result from; to come of it.
Point from which something come into existence; come about; start; come into being; to make, cause to exist; derive from.
Venir; resultar; proceder; provenir; emanar; derivar; desprenderse; arrancar.
A.     I made an inquiry to join Newcastle United Football Club ages ago but nothing came of it; I was very disappointed about their lack of response; nevertheless, in the end, I was mighty pleased that I didn’t join the club.
B.     London made a bid for the 2012 Olympic Games but nothing came of it.
 
To come of age
To be fully developed or grown-up; fully-grown, mature.
Llegar a ser mayor de edad; adulto; madurar.
A.     Wayne has come of age; he has scored goals in two consecutive games for his country. He is only 17 years old but he is a very talented kid.
B.     His coming of age has unfolded a new episode in the life of a football star.
  
To come off
To disengage and separate; no longer joined together; to happen; to take place; having success in a project or business.
Salir bien; tener exito; realizarse; tener lugar; romperse; soltarse.
A.     My headpiece came off in a gust of wind and revealed my shiny bald head.
B.     Patrick’s attempt to win a penalty for his team did not come off when he was found guilty of diving by the referee.
 
To come off a loser
Act or instance of failing; not to be successful at a competition; person or thing that loses; failing to triumph when one was expected to be victorious.
A.     Jean Paul came off a loser when he challenged Michael yesterday afternoon at Monza.
B.     Carole said that she had banished all thoughts of writing a book about her association with Cherie; nevertheless, she came off a loser as she was barred from Christmas Street when Tony determined she was a liability.
 
Perder; perdedor; fracasado;quebrantado; aruinado; frustrado.
To come off without a scratch
Unscathed; not harmed or injured; not a scratch.
Salir limpio de polvo y paja; sin raspadura alguna.
A.     Tony’s tactics paid off when he fought Robert at the Madison Square Garden boxing arena. He won the fight in the fifth round by a technical knockout and came off without a scratch from the bout.
B.     Alonzo crashes at Jerez in practice but comes off without a scratch. He smashed into a wall after losing control of his car.
  
 
To come off well
Having success; accomplish an aim; turn out satisfactorily; completely; favourably; considerably; in good health; satisfactory.
Salir bien, con éxito.
A.     Satan came off well from his encounter with the confessor.
B.     Maria came off well when she left the hospital yesterday afternoon.
 
 
To come on
Go forward; to thrive; progress; prosper; steps forward; improve; get on in the world; Arrive; begin; make haste.
Avanzar; andar; medrar; mejorar; progresar; prosperar; florecer; conquistar; triunfar.
Come on!
Make haste! Let’s go; make a move; go for it.
Vamos! Venga!
 
 
Come out/of/with
Flourish; blossom; emerge; come into view; publish; produce an issue for publication; announce something formally or in public; bring out; make known; disclose; allow to be seen; divulge; issue from; disappear; cease to be visible; say or utter something; express a thought in words; give as one’s opinion; make known in words; give an account of.
Floracion; florecimiento; dar flores; salir; salir con; dar salida; dejar escapar; aflojar; soltar; publicar; dasaparecer; divulgar; dar una respuesta; emerger con.
A.     The Sun newspaper comes out everyday of the week except Sundays.
B.     David’s new book came out last week when I was in Madrid.
C.     Tony may have breathed a sigh of relief when it came out that Carole had no intention of writing a book about her links with his wife.
D.     The discoloured marks on the carpet will not come out by washing alone; you need to get hold of a carpet specialist.
E.      Tony and George are a couple of old laughable fable-makers they often come out with stories of questionable authenticity.
  
 
To come round
Accept; agree to; consent; confirm; substantiate; come to; to recover consciousness.
Efectuarse; convenir; asentir; consentir; afirmar;restablecer; volver en si.
A.     David and Victoria came round to see me yesterday to talk about my new book.
B.     Gloria and Jennifer came round to see us unexpectedly yesterday when Sally and I were celebrating our 22nd wedding anniversary at O’Neill’s Public House in Crystal Palace. It was a pleasant surprise and we all had a wonderful time.
C.     Sally had a car crash yesterday afternoon and according to medical reports she was unconscious for a 20-minute spell before she came round with the help of the paramedics.  
 
 
To come short of
To be below the required standard in a test; to fail to meet the expectations of; not good enough.
Faltar; fracasar; salir mal de.
A.     Arsene’s artillery fell short of gunpowder last night at Highbury when they were outplayed and defeated by a talented Inter side. Indeed, the Gunners fired blanks all night and Thierry misfired badly when he missed a penalty to keep his team in the match.
B.     Jean Paul fell short of fighting instinct at Monza yesterday when Michael carried out the Italian job in the best possible way by winning in Ferrari’s back yard.  
 
 
To come to
Regain consciousness.
 
Acercarse; llegar a obtener; alcanzar; conseguir; estar reducido a; recobrar los sentidos.
A.     Sally received a knock in the head when she crashed her car against a wall made her lose consciousness but she came to in response to inhaling ammonia.
B.     Richard’s fall at Lincoln left him unconscious for a short spell but he came to when the paramedics came to his aid.
 
 
To come to blows
Aggressive conflict between two people; a punch-up; scrap; a set-to; fighting with the fists.
Andar al morro; llegar a las manos; reñirse; reñirse; lidiarse; bregarse.
A.     Alex and David almost came to blows when a football boot was kicked by Alex in the dressing room and hit David in the face.
B.     Jesus and Lucifer came to blows at the entrance of Saint Paul’s cathedral.
 
 
To come to and fro
Move or travel towards a place; arrive to and depart from.
Pasar y repasar; entrar a y salir de.
A.     Sally and I travelled to and from Barcelona by overnight sleeper, and then we travelled by coach to Figueres in Catalonia.
B.     Sara and Deborah travelled to and from Scotland by overnight sleeper, coach and ferry to the beautiful Western isles.
 
 
To come to grief
End unsuccessfully.
 
Salir mal pasado; finalizar perdiendo; terminal mal.
Glen came to grief with his failing to avoid the axe by wishing the team good luck for the future.
Patrick never came to grief with his dismissal from the game yesterday evening and decided to have a word with Rudd. 
 
To come to nothing
Reducirse a nada; no valer nada.
A.     Glen’s effort to keep his team in the hunt for a place in the Champions League next year came to nothing when he was axed by the board owing to the club’s poor start to the new Premiership campaign.
B.     Trevor was furious after the Hammers’ endeavour came to nothing when they failed to convert efforts into goals. Jermain’s sending off did not help much either; however, Trev is fully confident that his team will rise to the challenge and win the Division One title with or without him.  
 
To come to terms
Convenirse; aceptar condiciones.
A.     Paul came to terms with the mauling his team suffered yesterday afternoon at the hands of Claudio’s team by asking the Almighty for a supernatural event.
B.     Britain came to terms with relegation from the Davis Cup World Group when Greg lost his match to Hicham.
 
To come together
Juntarse; venir juntos.
A.     Hernan’s efforts came together on Saturday afternoon when he scored twice to help the Blues snatch an important victory at the Bridge.
B.     I am delighted that everything came together for Michael in last week’s Italian Formula One race at Monza.
 
 
To come true
Realizarse; ejecutarse; cumplirse; efectuarse; perpetrarse; cometerse; plasmarse; cosumarse.
To come up to
Llegar a; acercarse a; subir a; juntarse con; abordar un buque.
 
To come up with
Alcanzar; lograr; adquirir; obtener; conseguir; sacar; merecer; agenciar; descubrir.
To come upon
Embestir; atacar; agarrar; solprender; encontrarse con; darse con.
Comely
Gentil; donoso; apuesto; garboso; hermoso; bien parecido; decente; honesto. 
 
 
Come out/with
Appear; reveal you are gay; produce and distribute a product.
A.     A married couple suffered head injuries when a driver racing a friend at 80mph came out of nowhere and hit the back of the car in which they were travelling.
B.     Michael decided to come out of the wardrobe this week and admitted to the press that he was gay.
C.     The Sun is coming out with a new quiz next week called “How good is your English?”. The aim of the quiz is to make Britain acquainted with its English phrasal verbs. The quiz will run for a month and there will be many cash prizes to be won. The newspaper will public an incomplete English phrasal verb which the reader will have to fill in with the correct missing part of the phrase. Next the reader will have to ring a given telephone number with the answer. Calls will be charged at local rate and the winner will be selected at random.
 
 
Come to     
Regain consciousness; amount to a total figure.         
A.     Deborah fainted on her way to the supermarket but she came to after I made her smell some smelling salts.
B.     The electricity’s bill came to £250. In all honesty, I feel better in the dark.
 
           
Come through       
Succeed despite difficulties.
Resistir; sobrellevar; pasar; sobrevivir; restablecerse; restituirse; rehabilitarse; reponerse.
A.     Sally has had many difficult experiences in her life but she has come through them with pride. She thrives on pressure and goes for the direct approach which enables her to produce the goods even when the chips are down.
B.     Robert’s grandfather took part in the invasion of Normandy. He was wounded and taken to a military hospital in France where the doctors gave him little hope of surviving; however, he came through despite his injuries
           
Come up/ to/against         
Be mention; arise; come about; come into notice; approach; to equal; match; equal to or in harmony with another; experience something; face a challenge.
Brotar; salir; surgir; emerger; irrumpir; presentarse; aparecer; asomar; mostrarse; manifestarse; acercarse; avecinarse; aproximarse; allegarse; igualar; aparear; emparejar; asimilar; equiparar; comparar; asemejar; encontrarse con algo; enfrentarse a algo; un reto; desafio; una experiencia.
 
A.     The dramatic plans to evacuate London in the event of a terrorist strike came up (under?) scrutiny at the Labour Party Annual Conference in Brighton.
B.     We haven’t had a single request for I.T. staff this week, but I am sure something will come up fairly soon. I shall get in touch with you as soon as I hear anything.          
C.     The manager of the London Rainmakers, John Smithy, decided to give his Ukrainian International centre forward, Vitas Saltsburg, a free transfer to an unknown team in Eastern Europe owing to his shyness in front of goal. Mr. Smithy claims that the player has not come up to his expectations and that the team cannot afford to pay the wages of player that is not producing the goods on pitch.
D.     I took a written English test today and I came up against some trick questions; however, I manage to answer them correctly.
 
 
Come up with
 
Produce or create an idea, a plan
      
A.     Sally came up with the idea of selling British goods to Latin American countries.
B.     Sara came up with a brilliant design for the new housing estate in Croydon, south-east London.
           
Come over
      
Visit someone at his or her house; call up on someone; be seized by.
      
A.     Sally and I would be delighted to see you; in fact, if you wish you could come over this evening for a bite to eat and then we could go to O’Neill’s for a drink and watch the football.
B.     I would like to come over and spend some time with you but I am rather busy this week; perhaps we can get together next weekend if you are not doing anything.
C.     I don’t know what came over James last night at the party but he behaved in such a manner that I chose to ignore him for the rest of the evening. Indeed, he is very hot-headed and hasty but he needs to control his emotions if he wants to keep his friends.
D.     A sudden overwhelming fear came over me yesterday afternoon when I came face to face with an alien who asked me what I thought of the human race.
 
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