Alice Parker - Time Magazine
Ever wonder why we have so many words with multiple meanings? Consider the word “mean,” which can convey hurtful behavior (as in “mean girls”), signify a mathematical middle or indicate intent — as in, what does this word mean?
This verbal mystery has probably not kept you up at night. But linguists have devoted significant brain cells to figuring out why there are so many words that mean more than one thing. Why develop a language, whose main goal should be to promote clear communication, in which confusion is inevitable? Why not just designate one meaning for each word and be done? In fact, multiple meanings seem so contrary to the building of an efficient language that some experts have even argued that perhaps language’s true purpose wasn’t to communicate at all, as we’ve always assumed.
It turns out there’s a method to the language madness; the way we talk is efficient after all. Yes, many of our words have multiple meanings, but for the most part, we aren’t confused by them. That’s because the other important element of language is context.
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