Cultural aspect
In Thai culture, we are taught to be polite and respectful, and this starts when we are are a kid. This cultural aspect in part influences students' behavior in class where they do not speak up or express their opinions because they could come across as being rude or disrespectful. Some students might ask questions, but a lot of times students stay quiet or the types of questions they ask are factual and do not reflect critical thinking because to some people questioning or being skeptical about what the teacher said sometimes means criticizing the teacher. I am not saying this is the only reason students quietly listen in class and become a passive learner, but it does play a role to some extent.
